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In 1920s Detroit it would have been truly unfathomable to think that in less than one hundred years the mighty Fisher Body 21 would be discarded like common trash. Deemed not worth saving, its historic contributions to Detroit and the world were deemed not worth the efforts of preservation. For the time, it sits as a silent witness to the woes and strain of neglect. Most of the legendary old Detroit systems of factories from the Fisher network are now dead or gone. Left behind are the remnants of a once vast global company whose influence changed the world. Now freeways, empty lots, and vacant industrial caverns stand in place of these once impressive symbols of innovation.

 

 

 

“Body By Fisher” was the name; it was also the identity of the Buick and Cadillac brands among many others including: Ford, Hudson, Packard, Chevy, E.M.F. and Studebaker. Back when you could have any color Model T, as long as it was black, Cadillac was turning out some of the flashiest and most modern car designs. They owed that capability to the Fishers and their quality craftsmanship and attention to detail. The ability to contract with more than one company allowed them to produce more than 370,000 automobiles a year. The entire network consisted of more than 40 buildings in Michigan and Ohio.

During both World Wars these factories helped produce planes and tanks for the military. The Fisher network was the American industrial heart and soul when it came to winning the allied war against Hitler. It’s not a far stretch of the imagination to believe some of these factories may have been targets for bombings during this period. Stopping the production lines would have turned the war in favor of the Nazis, and could have made it impossible for the United States to win WWII.

 

 

 

The slogan and logo “Body By Fisher” was one of the most recognizable ad campaigns of the day. World renowned artists and photographers often relied on using top movie actresses to model the luxury and comfort that became synonymous with the Fishers’ body designs.

 

 

 

The Fisher Automotive Company was the result of hard work of Albert Fisher and his seven nephews. The Fisher brothers: Frederick, Charles, Lawrence, William, Edward, Alfred, and Howard all worked for the Fisher Company and helped maintain its dominance in the market for many years. Once an employee of the C.R. Wilson Carriage Company, Fred Fisher saw an opportunity to revolutionize the new emerging automobile industry. The old wooden carriages were not strong enough to withstand the vibrations or the strain of large combustion engines. Founded by Fred and Charles in 1908, the Fisher Body Company was born. By 1913 the company was a major supplier to the Detroit auto industry and in 1926 it was bought, then merged with General Motors. This allowed GM to control the majority stake in the Fisher Body Company, solidifying the industrial union that stretched through out Michigan, Ohio and the mid-west.

Its signature factory, Fisher Body No. 21 wasn’t built until 1919 when the demand for the Fisher bodies surpassed their means of supply. Now with this “supper factory” they would be able to manufacture millions of auto bodies in a year. It’s no wonder why this building became the icon of the industrial revolution. The Fisher Company was first to implement air bags, dual wipers, and slanted windshields into their bodies. They also created the first “all weather design”. Their contributions were a huge step forward for the industry as a whole. As time passed the inevitable happened. The plant became obsolete as new factories and newer technologies took shape in the market. Today the fate of the factory is as shrouded and dark as the inside of the cold and depressing building itself. This six-story white giant looms steadfast over the I-94 and I-75 freeway interchange. Its roof is awash in illegal paint from end to end… it’s basically an affront to the city’s redevelopment efforts and law enforcement.

When I first explored the premises in late fall of 1999, the Fisher looked much the same. Though it was already pretty cleaned out by then, it had yet to be pillaged the way it has been during the past decade. As a teenager, I first saw the Fisher standing lonely, isolated and cold as I drove past. It called to the part of me that longed for mysterious dark things. It was captivating, to the point where it started to dominate my thoughts. It became a festering antagonizing feeling. It was the very first building I ever explored, and it was the catalyst I needed to change my life. The Fisher represents the nucleus of our American culture, in essence it's truly classic – dare I say, a “ruin among ruins” and a legend in its own right. The fact is, history oozes out of every pore of this building. It helped shape the face of the modern world and it was left to simply erode away.

 
Today photographers, painters, explorers, kids, and the criminally motivated exploit its vast hollowed shell. Raided for its infrastructure, its innards lie exposed. Scrappers have caused the most damage here, as in most vacant buildings in the city. Openly they scrap in broad daylight, systematically dismantling the structure day by day. Painters and neighborhood kids often come here, vandalizing it in their own disconnected ways but never doing the harm that is inflicted by scrappers. As metal thieves remove walls to access pipes and wiring, the remaining structure becomes dangerously unstable and unpredictable, just as one such urban explorer I had been shooting with suddenly found out. A frequent visitor and expert on the area, he misplaced his step and nearly sunk to his waste in a toxic brew of blue and brown chemicals. Dumping on the site, whether it’s trash or chemicals, is fairly common. Needless to say, we all keep a better eye on the ground after that incident.

On the upper floors you can still see remnants of the tracks that used to carry cars through the paint facility. Heat lamps along side the tracks would cure the paint as the factory line continued on. In its later years, the factory even painted and manufactured school buses and limousines. Inefficient and obsolete, it was known back then as the world's slowest assembly line. Cadillac eventually gave into the need to upgrade its lines and sold off the factory. The Cameo Color Coat Co. bought the property in 1991. This was when the ventilation stacks were added to the outside of the factory giving it the instantly recognizable look that it has today. They ventilated the fumes from the lower floors of the paint facility to the roof, spewing noxious gases into the air. Keeping the super structure running proved too difficult and it was abandoned just a few years later.

The factory had two large freight elevators on either end of the factory. These elevators were extra large and deep, big enough to transport multiple cars in. The carriages now lie mangled at the bottom, their support cables cut. Scrap thieves use the remaining shafts to heave heavy metal from heights as high as seven stories up. They retrieve their plunder later from the bottom. Despite the city’s efforts to secure the perimeter with fencing to keep trucks from driving inside, the scrap thieves have one-upped the city. Ironically now they steal the fencing, selling it too for scrap. Nothing stops this force of human nature!

   
There is one feature of FB21’s design that has made it a prominent painting spot for graffiti artists. Its large water tower positioned two floors about the roof makes for an attractive canvass. Sure, there are other water towers, but most are too dangerous. Weathered and dilapidated, the majority of them are rusted out death traps. The water tower at FB21 was built on top of a giant concrete base. For more than a decade artists have been painting and repainting this tower. The platform allows for a safe place to stand and paint. It also provides excellent coverage from rain showers and police helicopters. In fact, the entire roof has been for many years used as a giant evolving canvass. Every outcropping, air vent, and tower on the roof is covered. The bottom floor and various areas of the inside are also painted with some of the best examples of Detroit street art. Wooden tiles harvested from the beaten floors were used to create a pyramid in the middle of one floor. The pyramid resembles what are known as ziggurats, the copper cappings used in Gothic and Renaissance architecture. The roof of the Westin Book Cadillac Hotel downtown has a few examples.
There is one feature of FB21’s design that has made it a prominent painting spot for graffiti artists. Its large water tower positioned two floors about the roof makes for an attractive canvass. Sure, there are other water towers, but most are too dangerous. Weathered and dilapidated, the majority of them are rusted out death traps. The water tower at FB21 was built on top of a giant concrete base. For more than a decade artists have been painting and repainting this tower. The platform allows for a safe place to stand and paint. It also provides excellent coverage from rain showers and police helicopters. In fact, the entire roof has been for many years used as a giant evolving canvass. Every outcropping, air vent, and tower on the roof is covered. The bottom floor and various areas of the inside are also painted with some of the best examples of Detroit street art. Wooden tiles harvested from the beaten floors were used to create a pyramid in the middle of one floor. The pyramid resembles what are known as ziggurats, the copper cappings used in Gothic and Renaissance architecture. The roof of the Westin Book Cadillac Hotel downtown has a few examples.

 

The last of the Fisher brothers died in 1972, long before FB21 was left to the void of decay. The Fisher name however still lives on, their family run businesses Fisher Corp, Fisher Dynamics, and General Safety, still carry on the traditions of innovation that brought much success to the original Fisher Body Corporation and the City of Detroit. In 1944 the brothers turned their attention to the construction of their “legacy building,” simply known as the Fisher Building. It rises out from among the skyline of New-Center in Detroit’s cultural district. Its ornate, gothic look is truly breathtaking. This building, and their factories along with millions of dollars in money donated by the family’s various foundations, have cemented the Fisher name in the history of Detroit.

 

Scrap metal thieves looting Fisher Body #21 - onlynDetroit.com

 

   
   
UPDATE***
Just recently the grounds of the factory have been secured with new fencing. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has completed cleaning up the remnants of 20 years of toxic dumping and manufacturing waste leftover from the plant's closing.